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C22

Low-medium carbon steel for general engineering and welded structures requiring moderate strength.

Carbon Steels Low-Medium Carbon Steel EN / ISOC22 DINCK22 / Ck22 / 1.0402 AISI/SAE1020 (nearest) ASTMA29 Grade 1022 +17
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Description

C22 per EN 10083-2 (DIN CK22). Low carbon (0.18-0.25%) gives good weldability combined with useful strength (~430 MPa normalized). Used for welded machine frames, general construction and lightly loaded shafts and axles where C45 would be over-specified.

Key Properties β€” Soft Annealed
Rm (Tensile Strength)
380 – 500
MPa
Re / Rp0.2 (Yield)
210 – 330
MPa
Aβ‚… (Elongation)
β‰₯ 25.0
%
Hardness
110 – 150
HB
E (Young's Modulus)
210
GPa
Density
7.86
g/cmΒ³
Main Designations (21)
Standard BodyDesignationCountry / RegionNote
EN / ISO C22 EU / International
DIN CK22 / Ck22 / 1.0402 Germany
AISI/SAE 1020 (nearest) USA
ASTM A29 Grade 1022 USA
BS 040A20 UK
JIS S20C Japan
GOST 20 (St20) Russia / CIS
UNI C20 Italy
NF XC18 France
SS 1450 Sweden
PN C22 Poland
CSN 12022 Czech Republic
UNS G10200 USA (UNS)
GB 20 China
JUS C.1220 Yugoslavia / Serbia Low carbon structural steel; JUS B.B1.100
ONORM C22 Austria
EN / ISO C20 / 1.0402 EU
DIN W.Nr 1.0402 Germany
AISI/SAE 1020 USA
BS 045M10 (nearest) UK
GOST 20 (20 steel) Russia
Standards (21)
#Standard BodyDesignationCountry / RegionNote
1 EN / ISO C22 EU / International β€”
2 DIN CK22 / Ck22 / 1.0402 Germany β€”
3 AISI/SAE 1020 (nearest) USA β€”
4 ASTM A29 Grade 1022 USA β€”
5 BS 040A20 UK β€”
6 JIS S20C Japan β€”
7 GOST 20 (St20) Russia / CIS β€”
8 UNI C20 Italy β€”
9 NF XC18 France β€”
10 SS 1450 Sweden β€”
11 PN C22 Poland β€”
12 CSN 12022 Czech Republic β€”
13 UNS G10200 USA (UNS) β€”
14 GB 20 China β€”
15 JUS C.1220 Yugoslavia / Serbia Low carbon structural steel; JUS B.B1.100
16 ONORM C22 Austria β€”
17 EN / ISO C20 / 1.0402 EU β€”
18 DIN W.Nr 1.0402 Germany β€”
19 AISI/SAE 1020 USA β€”
20 BS 045M10 (nearest) UK β€”
21 GOST 20 (20 steel) Russia β€”
All values in wt.%
C
Carbon
0.1800 – 0.2500
Si
Silicon
0.1700 – 0.3700
Mn
Manganese
0.3000 – 0.6000
P
Phosphorus
≀ 0.0350
S
Sulphur
≀ 0.0350
ElementSymbolMin %Max %Typical %
Carbon C 0.1800 0.2500 0.2200
Silicon Si 0.1700 0.3700 0.2500
Manganese Mn 0.3000 0.6000 0.4500
Phosphorus P β€” 0.0350 β€”
Sulphur S β€” 0.0350 β€”
Mechanical Properties
ConditionCode Rm min
MPa		Rm max
MPa		 Re min
MPa		Re max
MPa		 Aβ‚… min
%		 Z
%		 KV
J		 HB minHB max HRC minHRC max E
GPa
Soft Annealed +A 380 500 210 330 25.0 55.0 β€” 110 150 β€” β€” 210.0
Normalized +N 430 550 270 380 24.0 53.0 β€” 125 165 β€” β€” 210.0
Q+T 700 C +QT700 500 650 340 480 22.0 55.0 β€” 150 190 β€” β€” 210.0
Physical Properties
Density
7.860
g/cmΒ³
Melting Point
1490–1520
Β°C
Young's Modulus
210.0
GPa
Poisson's Ratio
0.300
β€”
Thermal Conductivity
52.0
W/mΒ·K
Thermal Expansion
11.50
Γ—10⁻⁢ /K
Specific Heat
490
J/kgΒ·K
Electrical Resistivity
0.1750
¡Ω·m
Magnetic
Yes
 
Heat Treatment
Normalizing
Temperature:890Β°C – 920Β°C
Medium:Still Air
Duration:-
Cooling:Air cool
Hardness After:<=HB 165
Standard delivery for bar stock.
Austenitizing (if needed)
Temperature:820Β°C – 860Β°C
Medium:Oil
Duration:20-30 min
Cooling:Oil quench
Hardness After:HRC 40-48
Limited hardenability β€” small sections only.
Stress Relieving (welded)
Temperature:550Β°C – 620Β°C
Medium:Furnace
Duration:1h per 25mm
Cooling:Slow cool
After welding for dimensional stability.
Machinability
Machinability Rating
relative to AISI B1112 = 100%
82.0%
Moderate
Turning Speed (HSS)
55
m/min
Turning Speed (Carbide)
220
m/min
Feed Rate (Turning)
0.240
mm/rev
Drilling Speed (HSS)
32
m/min
Milling Speed (Carbide)
215
m/min
CoolantSoluble oil 5-8%
Chip FormationLong chips (normalized); medium-soft
Tool MaterialHSS M2; carbide P20
Surface FinishRa 1.6-6.3 um
Excellent machinability in normalized condition. Rating ~82% vs AISI B1112.
Applications
Mechanical Engineering
Machine frames, covers, brackets, flanges and general-purpose shafts.
Automotive
Lightly stressed axles, spindles and body structural parts.
Fabrication
Welded structures where C45 strength is not required.
Case-Hardened Parts
Light-duty pins, bushings, cams and low-load case-hardened components.
Welded Structures
Machine frames, guard structures and welded fabrications requiring maximum weldability.
Cold-Formed Parts
Cold-drawn profiles, cold-formed sections and bent structural components.
Technical Notes
πŸ”₯
Weldability
Excellent. CE approx 0.45. No pre-heat required for sections up to 40 mm.
βœ…
vs C45
C22 is preferred when weldability is the primary requirement. For higher strength and hardenability, use C45.
βœ…
C20 vs C45 for case hardening
C20: low core strength (Rm ~450 MPa), maximum weldability, maximum cold-formability. C45: higher core strength (Rm ~700 MPa), less weldable. For lightly loaded case-hardened parts where formability and weldability matter: C20. For structural case-hardened parts: C45 or 16MnCr5.